Hobbies and Interests of Family Members (Sports & Films)

Konu Anlatımı

Hobi Kavramı ve Sık Kullanılan Sözcükler

Hobi, kişinin boş zamanında düzenli olarak yaptığı ve sevdiği iş için kullanılır. Amatör bir uğraş anlamındaki hobby kelimesi bu yüzden eylem adı olarak da kullanılır: My hobby is photography. Aile bireylerinin hobilerini adlandırırken sık kullanılan ifadeler şunlardır: reading (kitap okumak), playing football (futbol oynamak), cooking (yemek pişirmek), painting (resim yapmak), photography (fotoğrafçılık), gardening (bahçe işleriyle uğraşmak), cycling (bisiklet sürmek), swimming (yüzmek) ve playing the guitar (gitar çalmak).

• Collecting: pul, madenî para veya kartpostal toplamak.
• Playing board games: satranç, dama ve kâğıt oyunları oynamak.
• Knitting: örgü örmek veya dikmek.
• Camping: doğada çadır kurup kamp yapmak.

Fiil Kalıpları: -ing Biçimi ile Yalın Fiil

like, love, enjoy ve hate fiilleri bir eylemi zevkle ya da hoşlanarak yapmayı anlattığında her zaman -ing biçimini alırlar: My sister loves painting. · Our grandfather enjoys walking in the park. Buna karşılık want, would like, decide ve hope gibi fiillerden sonra to + yalın fiil gelir: My father would like to play tennis with us. Bu iki kalıbın anlamı da farklıdır. likes playing tennis cümlesi genel bir zevki anlatırken, would like to play tennis belirli bir sefer için nazik bir istek bildirir. Üçüncü tekil şahısta like fiili -s eki alır, ancak like to yapısında bu ek -s biçiminde olur: She likes to swim in the morning.

Hobi Kalıpları Karşılaştırma Tablosu

Spor Dalları ve Ekipman Sözcükleri

Spor dalları football, basketball, volleyball, handball, table tennis, badminton, tennis, swimming, cycling, running, athletics, judo, wrestling, boxing ve skiing gibi adlarla anılır. Ekipman sözcükleri bu dallarla birlikte öğrenilmelidir: a racket (raket) masa tenisi, badminton ve tenis için, a ball (top) takım sporları için, boots (bot) futbol için, gloves (eldiven) boks ve bahçe işleri için, a helmet (kask) bisiklet ve kayak için, a swimsuit (mayo) yüzme için kullanılır. Doğru eşleştirme yapmak, cümlede play, do, go fiillerinin doğru seçilmesini de kolaylaştırır: play handball, do athletics, go swimming, ride a bike, do martial arts.

Film Türleri ve Sinema Sözcükleri

Film türleri izleyicinin beklentisini belirler: action (aksiyon), comedy (komedi), drama (dram), science fiction (bilim kurgu), animation (animasyon), horror (korku), documentary (belgesel), thriller (gerilim) ve musical (müzikali). Sinema dünyasının temel terimleri de tanınmalıdır. The director filmin çekimini yönetir ve oyunculara yol gösterir. An actor / an actress rol alır, a character kurgusal kahramandır, the plot olay örgüsüdür, the setting hikâyenin geçtiği yer ve zamandır. The cast oyuncu kadrosunu, the soundtrack müziği, a scene sahneyi, a sequel devam filmini ifade eder.

Yorum ve Tavsiye İfadeleri

Bir film hakkında düşüncesini belirtmek için I think, I thought, In my opinion ve I'd say kalıpları kullanılır. Övgü cümleleri şu biçimlerde kurulur: I thought it was brilliant. · It was well worth watching. · The special effects were amazing. Eleştiri içinse the story was a bit slow in the middle, I was bored after the first hour ve it was not my cup of tea gibi ifadeler kullanılır. Birine tavsiye verirken You must see this film., I'd give it five stars. ve If you like dramas, you'll love this one. cümleleri doğal bir söyleyiş sağlar.

İleri örnek — Örnek Çözüm

Soru: Ailenizdeki iki kişinin hobisini ve bir film tavsiyesini içeren kısa bir metin yazınız.
Metin: My older brother is keen on cycling, and he goes to the hills every weekend. My mother doesn't like cooking on weekdays because she works until six, but she loves painting at night. Last weekend we watched a science fiction film about a space station. I thought it was well worth watching, because the special effects were amazing, although the story was a bit slow in the middle. My brother would like to see it again.

Çözüm: İlk cümlede be keen on yapısı -ing biçimindeki cycling fiilini alır. İkinci cümlede don't like kalıbı da -ing biçimi ister, bu yüzden cooking ve painting biçimleri kullanılmıştır. Üçüncü cümlede film türü a science fiction film olarak belirtilmiş, ardından I thought it was ve well worth watching kalıplarıyla yorum verilmiştir. Although bağlacı ise olumlu ve olumsuz yargıları karşılaştırmak için kullanılmıştır. Son cümlede would like to yapısı yalın fiille tamamlanmıştır.

Özet

Hobiler; reading, cooking, painting, photography, gardening, cycling, swimming ve playing the guitar gibi ifadelerle adlandırılır. like, love, enjoy ve hate fiilleri -ing biçimi alırken want, would like ve hope fiillerinden sonra to + yalın fiil gelir. Spor dalları ve racket, ball, boots, gloves, helmet gibi ekipman sözcükleri birlikte öğrenilmelidir. Film türleri arasında action, comedy, drama, science fiction, animation, horror ve documentary sayılır; director, actor, character, plot ve setting terimleri sinemanın temel sözcükleridir. Yorum ve tavsiye cümlelerinde I thought it was, well worth watching ve You must see gibi kalıplar kullanılır.

Sık Yapılan Hatalar

• Enjoy, like, love, hate fiillerinden sonra -ing yerine to takımı kullanmak: I enjoy to swim yerine I enjoy swimming denmelidir.
• Would like to yapısını -ing ya da geçmiş zamanda bitirmek: She would like seeing the film yanlıştır, She would like to see the film doğrudur.
• Be keen on ve be interested in ifadelerinden sonra yalın fiil kullanmak: bu iki yapı da -ing ister.
• Well worth ifadesinden sonra to takımı getirmek: worth to watch yerine worth watching yazılmalıdır.
• Play, do, go fiillerini spor dallarıyla eşleştirmemek: hokey için play hockey, yüzme için go swimming, atletizm için do athletics denmelidir.

Ne Öğreneceğiz

In this lesson you will learn to talk about hobbies in English. You will study the hobby nouns — reading, cooking, painting, photography, gardening, cycling, swimming, collecting, knitting, camping, playing board games — and you will see that most of them are used as gerunds (photography, swimming) rather than verbs.

You will learn the two verb patterns that go with them. like, love, enjoy, hate are followed by the -ing form (My sister loves painting), while would like, want, decide, hope are followed by to plus the base form (My father would like to play tennis).

You will also learn the sports vocabulary with the correct verb — play football, go swimming, do athletics, ride a bike — the equipment words (racket, ball, boots, gloves, helmet) and the film vocabulary: types (action, comedy, drama, science fiction, horror, documentary) and terms (director, actor, character, plot, setting, cast, soundtrack, sequel).

Ön Bilgi

You need three things before the lesson.

First, the difference between -ing forms as nouns and as verbs. In Swimming is my hobby the -ing form is the subject of the sentence; in I am swimming now it is part of a verb. This topic uses the first kind constantly.

Second, the verbs that take the -ing form and those that take the infinitive with to. Mixing them is the most tested point in the whole lesson.

Third, the third person -s with like / love / enjoy: She likes painting, He loves cycling. The -s belongs to the main verb, not to the -ing form.

Basit Örnek ve Günlük Yaşam

Read this short family description and underline the hobby patterns.

My older brother is keen on cycling, and he rides to the hills every weekend. My mother does not like cooking on weekdays because she works until six, but she loves painting at night. My grandfather enjoys walking in the park after breakfast, and my little sister hates getting up early. I prefer watching films to playing computer games.

Four patterns appear: be keen on + -ing, love + -ing, enjoy + -ing and hate + -ing. Note also prefer watching... to playing..., where both verbs take the -ing form.

Now write five sentences about your family's hobbies using four different patterns.

Adım Adım Çözülmüş Örnek

Follow these steps to write about hobbies correctly.

1. Step 1 — Choose the person. My aunt.
2. Step 2 — Choose the pattern by meaning. A general pleasure takes like / love / enjoy + -ing; a strong interest takes be keen on / be interested in + -ing; a single wish takes would like to + base form.
3. Step 3 — Put the verb in the right form. After like, love, enjoy, hate, keen on, interested in, prefer use the -ing form. After would like, want, hope, decide use to plus the base form.
4. Step 4 — Add an object or a detail. playing the guitar, watching documentaries, collecting old stamps.
5. Step 5 — Add frequency or time. every weekend, twice a month, at weekends, after school.

Kendini Dene

Answer in full sentences and then check the key.

1. Complete: My sister enjoys ____ (paint) at weekends.
2. Which sentence is correct? (a) She would like joining the club. (b) She would like to join the club. (c) She would like join the club.
3. Rewrite correctly: This documentary is worth to watch.
4. Fill in: He is keen ____ photography. (on / in / for)
5. Which verb goes with athletics: play, go or do?
6. Write five sentences about your family's hobbies and one film recommendation. Use four different verb patterns and one sport with the correct verb.

Answer key: 1) painting — enjoy is followed by the -ing form. 2) (b) — would like takes to plus the base form. 3) This documentary is worth watching. 4) on — the fixed phrase is be keen on. 5) do — do athletics. 6) Any five correct sentences, e.g. My father is keen on fishing, and he goes to the lake twice a month. My mother loves cooking, especially soups. My brother hates getting up early, but he plays handball every Saturday. My grandmother enjoys knitting in front of the television. If you like dramas, you must see the film we watched last night; it is well worth watching.